Process for extracting turpentine and rosin from wood.



B. F. A. SAYLOR. PROCESS FOR BXTEACTING TURPENTNB AND ROSIN PROM WOOD. APPLIOATION FILED AUG. 5, 1909. RENEWED 00T. 21, 191s.

1,081,276, Patented Dec. 9, 1913.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

BENJAMN r. A. saumon, or nenn, GEORGIA, AssIeNOn, BY MnsNn AssrGNMnNrs, 'ro STANDARD TURPENTINE a WOOD rULP COMPANY, OF ATLANTA, esonera, .A

CORPORATION 0F ARIZONA.

rnoonss ron EXTRACTING TURPENTINE AND noem FROM Woon.

Specication of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 9, 1913.

`Applieation led August 5, 1909, Serial No. 511,410. Renewed October 21, 1913. Serial No. '96,51'7. l

. tracting Turpentine and Rosin from Wood;

and I do hereby declare'the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable-'Others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make p and use the same.

l My invention relates to improvements in v processes for extracting turpentine and rosin from resinous woods containing the same; and 1s an improvement upon my prior Patent No. 945,612dated January 4, 1910.

. The primary object of my invention is a process whereby turpentine and rosm may be extracted from wood 1n a more economic vand expeditious manner than previously,

scribed in my patent, above referred to.

In carrying out my invention I. use a strong steel cylinder with ,a capacity of three or more `cords of wood.l This cylinder is provided with an opening 14. inches in diameter near the top thereof and arranged in'such a manner that the cylinder is steamtight 'and air-tight when closed. At the bottom of 'the cylinder there is a valve' and a short discharge pipe about 2 inches in diameter, through which pipe the resinous substances Yare 4withdrawn after they are eX- tracted from 'the wood as hereinafter described. In the lower portion of the cylinder is a large opening about 14; inches in diameter, ordinarily 'closed by a manhole valve, through which the wood 4and chips contained in the cylinder are discharged at the close of the process. The entire cylinder is vprovided with a steam jacket made sutliciently strong to withstand a considerable pressure. A two inch steam pipe connects with thisjacket, which is also provided'with a steam pressure gage, an automatic blow oit valve, and an escape valve for removing the water of condensation. The cylinder is placed in an upright or slightly inclinedy positlon, and is provided with connections which lead to a vacuum pump and with an apparatus for purifying and distilling the substances contained by myprocess.

Inthe accompanying drawing which illus- 'trates an apparatus `for carrying out my invention, the ligure represents said apparatus 1n cross section, partly in elevation,

lthe supports being omitted.

a 1 s the steel cylinder provided with an openlng'b in its top,throug`h which the 'material to be treated is fed into the cylinder, which opening is usually closed bythe v cover c, removably fastened thereto. l

d represents the discharge pipe for the resinous material at the bottom Of the cylinder. The cylinder is provided with a Inan-4 hole Opening e, through which the material after treatment is drawn out, and said manhole is ordinarily closed by la cover f.

. g represents the steam jacket, 71, the valved,

steam. pipe leading thereinto, l the .steam pipe leading into the bottom` of the cylinder, 'j the pressure gage, lk the escape valve, and m the valved discharge pipelfor the Water of condensation.

n is the pipe for introducing steam and' hot water to the cylinder at the top thereof, o a pipe. leading into a closed vesselor condenser ;o which is Aconnected by a pipe g with the vacuum pump r. The vessel p is for the urpose of collecting any vapors that may sucked out of the cylinderc by the pump, 'and this vessel is providedv with a valved discharge pipe .5'.

"is an ordinary still provided with a steam coil u and-having connected toits top an ordinary worm o, which runs through a condensin drum w and discharges into a receptac e m; y is a valved pipe connecting' the still t with'the pipe d.

In carrying out my process charg'ethe cylinder with chips, slivers or blocks o'PIle or other resin-containing woods. Small quantities of steam or hot water, at a temperaturepI not above 212 F are then lntroduced into' the jacket of the cylinder and the vacuum pump is started. This vacuum pump is kept in operation long enough to exhaust the air and to produce a vacuum amounting to about 26 inches of mercury, which usually requires about twenty minutes. Steam is then admitted vinto the bottom of the cylinder through the pipe l passing through the jacket thereof, until a pressure of about'25 lbs. is obtained within the cylinder, the pressure gage y' being employed to indicate the pressure, the cylinder having been previously disconnected from the vacuum pump by the valves 2 and 3, and tightly closed. The valve 3 of the pipe o leading, to the vessel p is then opened and the steam which is in the cylinder is allowed to rush over and the turpentine that may be distilled o by the heat of the steam is condensed in the vessel p in order to save the small amount which may come over.

The steam in passing out of the cylinder carries with it the air and when the pressure has run down to about 20 lbs. or less, all the air has been completely removed from the cylinder. The cylinder is then closed and steam admitted as quickly as possible into the 'acket through'the pipe h and into the cylinder through the pipe l, until a pressure of about 100 lbs. or moreper square inch is obtained in the cylinder. Under this heat andl pressureand the absence of air in the cylinder, the resinous substances speedily' distil or dissolve from the chips of wood, the rosin going to the bottom of the cylinder or still and the turpentine and gases through the pipe o into the vessel p, Where the turpentine is recovered. I keep up the pressure untilnearly all of the turpentine has been extracted from the chips and passed over through the condenser; then I stop the introduction of steam into the cylinder and jacket by closing valves 4 and 5 and gradually allow the pressure to subside. After the pressure has nearly subsided, however, I open the valve 6 of the rosin outlet in the bottom and as a consequence the steam within the digester or cylinder rushes to this point and carries with it the rosin from within the c linder, including that clinging.

to the outsi e lof the chips to the rosin outlet, thus cleaning the chips thoroughly. I find in practice', however, that before this outlet is opened, nearly all of the rosin has been extracted and has collected at the bottom of the cylinder. There being no air present during the operation, except at the very rst when the pressure and heat are low, and consequently no oxidizinglagent, the turpentine is pure and sweet and without had odor and by redistillation becomes as clear as water.

VAfter the rosin has all been drawn olf from the bottom of the cylinder, I then force Steam into the top of the cylinder a portion of the turpentine a through the pipe n, still leaving the rosin outlet open. As a result the steam rushes down through the chips, thoroughly cleaning them and leaving the wood in a condition suitable for making wood pulp. I have also found by actual trial that I can facilitate the extraction of the turpentine and resin from the wood by putting in during the preliminary part of the process about 10 lbs. of caustic soda in its dry state, per cord of wood, or when the cylinder is charged, as it is dissolved during the operation and penetrates and aids in cleaning the fiber of the wood. I can use a pressure as high as 200 lbs. if necessary and still preserve the liber.

What I claim is 1. The process of treating resinous wood to recover the products thereof which consists in collecting fine particles of such 'wood in a closed cylinder, heating said cylinder by externally applied heatand simultaneously'ther'ewith creating a vacuum in the cylinder; admitting steam under pressure into the 'cylinder at the bottom thereof and then-allowing said steam to escape and carry off a portion ofthe turpentine and substantially all of the'air, and closing said cylinder when the .pressure therein is reduced.; again heating the cylinder by externally applied heat and admitting the steam into the cylinder until the required pressure is obtained to separate the rosin and turpentine from the wood in the absence of air; allowing said steam to escape during the maintenance of said last-named pressure by the continued .injection of steam and carrying off the separated turpentine; stoppin the introduction of the steam and allowing the pressure in the cylinder to subside; and `finally opening the bottom of the cylinder and' allowing the residual steam therein to carry off Vthe turpentine product, substantially as described.

2. The process of treating resinous wood to recover the products thereof which consists in collecting fine particles of such wood in a closed cylinder, heatin said cylinder vto about 212 F.y by external y applied heat' and simultaneously. therewith creating a vacuum in the cylinder amounting to about 26 inches of mercury; injecting dry caustic soda into the cylinder; admitting steam 'under pressure into the cylinder and then and carry off d substantially all of the air, and closing said cylinder when the pressure therein has been reduced to about 20 pounds per square inch; again heating the cylinder by externally applied heat and admitting steam into the c hnder from the bottom until a pressure o about 100 pounds per square inch is obtained whereby to speedily separate the rosin and allowing said steam to escape turpentine from the `Wood in the absence Vual steam pressure; and'then removing the of air; allowing seid steam to escape during Wood pulp, substantially :is described. 10 the maintenance of said last-named pres- In testimony whereof, I aiiix my signasure by the continued. injection of steam ture, in presence of two witnesses.

until all of the turpentine is recovered; stop- BENJAMIN F. A. SAYLOR.

ping the introduction of steam and allowing Witnesses the pressure in the cylinder to subside; cer- T. A. WITHERsPooN,

rying 0H the turpentine product by the resid- Jes. E. DODGE. 

